Lock.



w.1. SMITH.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 28, 1915- WJSMjTH mun srarne rnrnnr t me.

WARREN J. SMITH, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR T0 JOHN R. MORRIS; OFST.

LOUIS. MISSOURI.

LOCK.

icense.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

Application filed April 28, 1915. Serial No. 24,544.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, l/VARREN J. SMITH, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Locks, of which the following, is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My present invention relates to new and useful improvements in looks andas its principal object aims to provide a lock in which the completemechanism is housed within a relatively small cylinder or tube so thatthe lock may bequickly and easily applied to any door by being seated ina hole bored therein.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide a lock which, while'it isso constructed. that it may not be opened by any other key than the realone, or an exact duplicate thereof, it is of'relatively simple de ignand may, therefore, be cheaply manufactured.

A further and more specific object of the invention is to provide a lockembodying a lock bolt, the head of which is provided on its inner endwith vertical grooves and'horizontal bores, and a plurality of pivotedtumblers, the forward ends of which are provided with tines adapted toenter the bores of the bolt head for permitting the withdrawal of thebolt when the proper key is employed and to also engage within thegrooves of the head and against the inner end thereof, to prevent theretraction of the bolt unless the legitimate key is inserted and turnedto lift the tines of the tumblers into alinement with the" bores.

The above, and other incidental objects of a similar nature, which willbe hereinafter more specifically treated are accomplished by such meansas are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, described in thefollowing.specification, and then more particularly pointed out in theclaims which are appended hereto and form part of this application. I

With reference to thedrawings, whereln there has been illustrated theprefe red embodiment of this invention, as itis' reduced to practice,and throughoutthe several views of which similar reference numeralsdesignate corresponding parts, Figure 1 is a perspective view of thelock; Fig. 2 is a longitudinalsection taken through the lock anddisclosingthe lockbolt and atumbler assoe ciated therewith, with.thebolt in, retracted position; Fig. 3 is a section takenlongitudinally through the lock in a plane at right angles. to the planein which the tumblers move and at right angles to the plane of Fig. 1;Fig. 4: is a longitudinalsection similar to Fig. 1, but disclosing thebolt in projected position and the tines and the tumblers in lookingengagement with the A in which the lock mechanism is contained,

is of cylindrical or tubular form and is provided at its outer end witha pair of diametrically opposed apertured ears 10 which are secured byrivets or equivalent fastening devices to a face plate 11. The faceplate 11 is provided with apertures indicated at 12 sothat screws orequivalent fastening devices may be employed in securing the plate tothe edge of the door. It will, of course, be apparent that the lock ofthe present in vention is particularly adapted to be set into anordinary b'ore formed in a door, so that when the casing or housing hasbeen inserted, the face plate-11 may be easily secured to afford a neatappearance to the lock. The casing or housing A is formed in twosections, one of which indicated at 13, is removable for the purpose ofaffording access to the look within the housing.

This look mechanism includes generally a slidable look belt 1 1, adriver 15, by means and a pair of tumblers 16 and 17.

mechanism contained The lock bolt 14% is of a width only slightly 7 lessthan the diameter of the housing A so that it will snugly fit therein. The locking boltis, however, relatively narrow in order that a space willbe provided on each side of the bolt for the reception of the tumblers,

A relatively large square head 18 is formed on the outer end of the lockbolt. This head is movable through a square opening 19 formed in theface plate 10 and is disposed within this opening when in eitherprojected orretracted'position. In this latter position the outer end ofthe head lies flush with the face plate, being therefore, completely.with

drawn. from.il1e keeper.1-in .tl1e.. doorscasing.

The head member'is provided on its rear end and on opposite sides of thebolt 14 with a pair of vertically extending grooves, indicated at 20 and21. From each of these grooves 20 and 21, there leads into the head alongitudinally extending bore, as indicated at 22 and 23, the "functionof which will be hereinafter explained.

The inner end of the lock bolt is bifurcated, as indicated at 24: toreceive the axle 25 on which the tumblers are pivoted, as disclosed inFigs. 2 and 3. In the approximate center of the lock bolt is formed asubstantially V-shaped opening or notch, indicated at 26. This notch isadapted to receive the lug 27 of the driver 15, when the bolt is beingprojected or retracted, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.

The driver, which is shown in detail in producing the bosses 30, whichmembers are" adapted to seat in receiving openings defined by thebearing flanges 31 formed on opposite szdes of the housing A, bystriking the walls thereof inwardly, as best disclosed in Figs. 1, 3 and5. I These members 31 are provided at their inner ends with therightangularly extending, annular flanges 32,

which are of such size as to snugly receive the bosses 30. The'flanges29 bear against the members 32 and thereby hold the driver againsttransverse movement within the casing.

Extending axially through the driver and through the lug 27 thereof, isa key slot 33,

' in which thekey indicated at 34 may be inserted. It will now bereadily observed, particularly upon reference to Figs. 3 and 5, that thekey may be passed through the driver and turned to rotate the same,whereby the lug 27 will swing upwardly through the notch 26' to engagewith the forward edge thereof, indicated at 35. The lug upon engagingthe edge 35, will move the bolt forwardly through the casing, therebyprojecting the head member 18 into the keeper or socket plate A mountedin the door jamb, as illustrated in Fig. 4. Obviously, also the key maybe inserted when the bolt is in projected position and rotated towardthe inner end; of the casing to swing the lug of'the driver intoengagement with the rear edge 36 of the notch 26. As the lug movesdownwardly along the edge 36, the

bolt will be withdrawn into the casing and the head 18 retracted fromengagement with the keeper in the door jamb. In order, however, that thebolt may not lee-retracted or withdrawn, unless the legitimate key isemployed, I have provided'the tumblers heretofore designated by thenumerals 15 and 17.

These tumblers 'arefform'ed from flat bars 'washers 38 which bearagainst the inner faces of the bosses and serve to space the tumblersfrom the sides of the casing A and to hold them in engagement againstthe lock bolt. 7

The forward ends of the tumbles are diagonally directed, as at 38 andare then bent to extend in parallel relation to each other and reduced,forming the tines 39 and 40 which are adapted to seat in the bores 22and 23 when the bolt is retracted, as in Fig. 3. V 7

It will now be observed, particularly upon reference to Figs. 2 and 1,that the intermediate portions of the tumblers traverse the notch 26,making it thereby impossible for any key to be successfully employed inoperating the locking bolt, unless the key is provided with spacednotches,.as indicated at 41 and -12. Thesenotches are, as shown in Fig.5, adapted to receive the tumblers so that the key may be turned,withoutinterference with these members. 1

In order that the tines 39 and 40 of the tumblers may swing downwardlyto seat in the lower ends of the grooves 20 and 21 of the bolt head, assoon as the bolt has been projected into locking position, I haveprosprings serve to immediately move the tines 39 and 40 down to thebottom of the grooves 20 and 21, as soon as the bolt head has beenprojected into locking position. IVhen the tines are thus disposed, theyobviously prevent the retraction of the bolt head until they have againbeen lifted to horizontal alinement with the bores 22 and 23 so thatthus inserted as in Fig. 5, the notches ll.

and 42 are disposed on opposite sides of the lock bolt so that when thedriver is swung upwardly move the lug 27 into engagement with theforward edge 35 and the notch 26, the tumblers will be received withinthe notches so that no obstruction will be offered to the turning of thekey. W'hen the lug 27 engages with the edge 85 of the notch in the lockbolt, a continued turning of the key will move the lug downwardly overthis edge until the lug is in horizontal position, as indicated in Fig.4c, in which position of the lug the head member 18 of the lock bolt isprojected into locking position and the tines 39 and 4-0 are withdrawnfrom the bores 22 and 23. As above stated, the tines are immediatelyupon withdrawal from the bores of the head member, swung downwardly bymeans of the springs 43 to seat in the lower ends of the grooves 20 and21. The tines when thus disposed, prevent the retraction of the lockbolt until the key is reinserted and turned in anti-clockwise direction.During its initial movement upon such anti-clockwise turning, the lug 27of the. driver will swing freely to the upper end of the notch 26 but,in the meanwhile, the key will, through engagement with the lower edgesof the tumblers, swing these members upwardly until they are inhorizontal position with their tines in registration with the bores 22and 23. Thus, atthe moment that the lug of the driver engages with theupper end of the notch edge 36, the tines of the tumblers have beenlifted to register with the bores 22 and 23 of the head member so thatas the lug 27 starts to move downwardly along the edge 36, with aconsequent retraction of the bolt, the tines of the tumblers may enterthe bores 23 so that the head member will encounter no resist ance.

t is obvious, of course, that any desired number of tumblers may beemployed with out departing in any way from the spirit of the invention,it being only necessary in case more than two tumblers are provided, toprovide the key with a corresponding additional number of notches and toprovide the bolt head as shown in Fig. 7 with additional grooves i6 andbores 47.

A flat leaf spring indicated at 48 is provided to hold the driver lug 21in horizontal position in either the projected or retracted position ofthe bolt. This spring is adapted, as shown in Figs. 2 and at, to bearagainst the flat faces of the body portion of the driver.

It is now desired to direct particular attention to the fact that thegrooves 20 and :21 constitute guides for the tines when these membersare being moved downwardly into locking engagement with the bolt head orbeing swung upwardly to register with the bores thereof.

In reduction to practice, it has been found that the form of thisinvention illustrated in the drawings, and referred to in the abovedescription as the preferred embodiment is the most efiicient andpractical; yet realizing that the conditions concurrent with theadoption of this device will necessarily vary, it is desirable toemphasize the fact that various minor changes in the details ofconstruction, proportion and arrangement of parts may be resorted to,when required, without sacrificing any of the advantages of thisinvention, as defined by the appended claims. a

What is claimed is 1. A lock including a casing, a lock bolt slidabletherein, a head formed on the bolt and provided on its inner face withparallel grooves, there being bores extending into the head at rightangles to the grooves and communicating with the same, a tumbler pivotedwithin the casing on each side of the bolt, the free ends of saidtumblers being provided with tines adapted to seat in the bores of thebolt head when the bolt is retracted, said tines being adapted to seatin the lower ends of said grooves when the bolt is projected, wherebythe bolt is held against retraction until the tumblers are swungupwardly to bring the tines into alinement with the bores the terminalsof said tines being movable through the grooves at all times, wherebythey are held against lateral displacement.

2. A lock including a tubular casing having transversely alined openingsformed in opposite portions of its wall, parallel bearing flangessurrounding the openings, a driver rotatable in the casing and havingits terminals seated in the openings and supported by the flanges, aslidable lock bolt mounted in the casing, and tumblers mounted in thecasing and engageable by the driver.

8. A look including a tubular casing, a driver rotatable therein, saidcasing being provided with transverselv opposed openings receiving theterminals of the driver, annular stop flanges formed adjacent theterminals of the driver to bear against the inner face of the casing,for holding the driver against transverse movement therein, theterminals of said driver being located within the facial limits of thecasing, a slidable lock bolt, and tumblers for the bolt, said tumblersbeing controlled by the driver.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses.

WARREN J. SMITH.

Witnesses:

J. CLARENCE TAUssIG, HENRY WoonALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

